The relationships between the planitibia group, the grimshawi clade,and the adiastola group, and the interrelationships between the species in the planitibia group were obtained from :
        Russo, C.A.M., N. Takezaki, and M. Nei. 1995. Molecular Phylogeny and Divergence Times of Drosophilid
Species. Mol. Biol. Evol. 12(3):391-404.

                                                          D. heteroneura

Last updated: 3/9/00